Automated decision-making
When software decides something about a person without a human meaningfully involved, which EU law restricts.
Article 22 of the EU’s GDPR gives you a right not to be subject to a decision based solely on automated processing where it significantly affects you: a rejected loan, a closed account, a filtered job application. You can ask whether a machine decided, ask for a human to review it, and contest the outcome. Most people never do, mainly because most people do not know the right exists.
The contested part is what counts as human involvement. A person rubber-stamping a queue of machine-generated verdicts, without the time or authority to overturn one, does not satisfy the rule. That reading is what produced the 825 million euro fine against Uber in August 2026 over driver deactivations.